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Health science: clinical use of anti-infective drugs

Anti-infective drugs are mainly antimicrobials, which are absorbed into the blood circulation after being administered by different routes. The degree and speed of absorption of different antibacterial drugs vary, generally 1~2 hours after oral drug, 0.5~1 hours after intramuscular injection of drugs absorbed into the blood to reach the peak blood concentration. Oral absorption of complete drugs are cephradine, cefaclor, amoxicillin, clindamycin, rifampicin, doxycycline, cotrimoxazole (SMZ + TMP, cotrimoxazole), metronidazole, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin, etc., the above drugs can be absorbed by more than 80% to 90% of the administered amount after oral intake; tetracyclines, except for doxycycline, the absorption of which is generally lower than 60% to 70% of the administered amount; the absorption of the tetracyclines is generally lower than 60% to 70% of the administered amount; the absorption of the tetracyclines is generally lower than 60% to 70% of the administered amount after oral intake. 60% ~ 70%; most penicillins can be destroyed by gastric acid (penicillin V exception), oral ampicillin, benzoxicillin only absorbed 30% ~ 40% of the amount of drug; aminoglycosides, cephalosporin injection, polymyxin, vancomycin, amphotericin B oral absorption of the amount of drug is very little, about 0.5% ~ 3.0%. Due to the differences in the absorption process of various types of drugs, in the treatment of mild and moderate infections, the antimicrobial drugs that are sensitive to the pathogenic bacteria and easy to be absorbed orally can be chosen, but in the treatment of critical infections, static injection or intravenous drip is preferred in order to avoid the influence of various factors on the absorption of the drugs when they are taken or injected into the muscle.

03-09

2022

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